1714

A Jesuit residence on the frontier

By 1714 the flourishing congregation was recognised among the senior interior stations of the Society of Jesus and established as a Jesuit residence in its own right. Bishop Caldwell's history credits Fr Brandolini with founding the congregation here, marking Vadakkankulam as the first great inland parish of the region.

DocumentedThis moment rests on 3 sources.
Caldwell 1881p. 258
240 HISTORY OF TINNEVELLY. Cuapteu X. Paul Rottari, S.J., by the Rev. N. Pouget, S.J. They have never yet, so far as I am aware, appeared iu English. Coustantius Beschi was born at Castiglione in Italy on the 8th November 1680. On the 21st October 1698, being eighteen years of age, he entered the Society of Jesus. His native biographer states that he arrived in India in 1700, but Fr. Pouget shows that this was impossible. He must have passed two years in novitiate and then engaged in theological studies for four years. No member of the Society of Jesus is He ordained priest before he is twenty-five years of age. cannot, therefore, have sailed for India before 1706. The voyage at that time occupied at least six months; and after he reached Goa it would be considered necessary, according to the custom of the time, that he should remain there one or two years learning Tamil, the language of the district to which he was to be appointed. It seems probable, therefore, it is said, that he did not commence his missionary career in Tinnevelly before 1710. For my own part, accepting the data that have been mentioned 1708 seems the latest date that can be assigned for his arrival in Tinnevelly. His Tamil biographer says that he spent five years in learning Tamil. It might be said, doubtless, with still greater truth of so devoted a scholar that he was learning Tamil as long as he lived. In what- ever year his career as a missionary actually commenced, it cannot now be doubted that it commenced in Tinnevelly, and it is equally certain that it was to Tinnevelly that he came to breathe his last. Beschi's stations. "We pass out of the region of probabilities into that of certainties when we mention that Brandolini, who founded the congregation at Vadakankulam in Tinnevelly in 1714, states that in the years 3714, 1715, and 1716 Beschi was stationed at Kamaiyanayakan- patti in Tinnevelly, from which place he often visited Kaittar. Kaittar, then a more important place than it is now, is situated on the road from Palamcotta to Madura, 18 miles from Palamcotta. Kamaiyanayakanpatti lies to the north-east, in the Ettiapuram Zemindari. Beschi was imprisoned by the Brahmans at Guruk- kalpatti, and they were about to put him to death, when he was rescued by the Christians of Kaittar. Gurukkalpatti is a village His life in danger. near Alankulam in the Sangaranainarkovil Taluk. . Beschi himself relates this incident in a letter to the General Superior of the Society dated Kamaiyanayakanpatti, 12th January 1715. I felt doubtful at first whether it could be true that Brahmans could have really intended to put him to death, but I find that there is a distinct tradition to that effect surviving amongst the Native Christians in all these villages. The village of Gurukkalpatti belongs to Brahmans and is inhabited partly by Brahmans. Thoy themselves admit that they have heard that their forefathers pulled down a matha erected by Beschi and drove him out of their
258

A Political and General History of the District of TinnevellyMadras: Government Press, 1881

Published before 1930. In the public domain, and reproduced here in full.

What this source establishes

Caldwell credits Fr Brandolini with FOUNDING the congregation here in 1714 — which is a second, doubly independent witness to the 1714 residence, and at the same time a direct contradiction of the 1685 founding this page gives two eras earlier. Both are printed; neither is hidden.